Source:- Freshersworld
What is HTML?
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.
The purpose of a web browser is to read HTML documents and compose them into visible or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page.
HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts written in languages such as JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML web pages.
Web browsers can also refer to Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define the appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C, maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML markup.
Why HTML is Not a Programming Language ?
HTML is a type of markup language. It encapsulates, or “marks up” data within HTML tags, which define the data and describe its purpose on the webpage. The web browser then reads the HTML, which tells it things like which parts are headings, which parts are paragraphs, which parts are links, etc. The HTML describes the data to the browser, and the browser then displays the data accordingly.
How HTML is used to Navigate the Internet ?
Hypertext is text that references other web pages or text and that, when clicked on, allows the user to access the referenced text or webpage. HTML is used to embed hyperlinks within web pages. Hyperlinks allow the user to move easily within web pages and between websites stored on different servers.
HTML and the Internet: An explanation of Internet basics and how HTML functions in the Internet environment.
Ajax
AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. AJAX is a new technique for creating better, faster, and more interactive web applications with the help of XML, HTML, CSS and Java Script.
Ajax uses XHTML for content and CSS for presentation, as well as the Document Object Model and JavaScript for dynamic content display.
Conventional web application trasmit information to and from the sever using synchronous requests. This means you fill out a form, hit submit, and get directed to a new page with new information from the server.
With AJAX when submit is pressed, JavaScript will make a request to the server, interpret the results and update the current screen. In the purest sense, the user would never know that anything was even transmitted to the server.
XML is commonly used as the format for receiving server data, although any format, including plain text, can be used.
AJAX is a web browser technology independent of web server software.
A user can continue to use the application while the client program requests information from the server in the background
Intuitive and natural user interaction. No clicking required only Mouse movement is a sufficient event trigger.
Data-driven as opposed to page-driven
CSS
- CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
- Styles define how to display HTML elements
- Styles were added to HTML 4.0 to solve a problem
- External Style Sheets can save a lot of work
- External Style Sheets are stored in CSS files
WhAT IS THE USE OF CSS?
CSS helps you to keep the information content of a document separate from the details of how to display it. The details of how to display the document are known as its style. You keep the style separate from the content so that you can:
- Avoid duplication
- Make maintenance easier
- Use the same content with different styles for different purposes
Example
Your web site might have thousands of pages that look similar. Using CSS, you store the style information in common files that all the pages share.
- When a user displays a web page, the user's browser loads the style information along with the content of the page.
- When a user prints a web page, you provide different style information that makes the printed page easy to read.
JavaScript
JavaScript is a scripting language used to create dynamic and interactive web content. It has a wide range of applications, including e-commerce (online shopping) and advertising networks such as Google AdSense
A scripting language is a lightweight programming language.
JavaScript is programming code that can be inserted into HTML pages.
JavaScript inserted into HTML pages, can be executed by all modern web browsers.
JavaScript is easy to learn.
ESSENTIAL JOB FUNCTIONS :
Builds software applications – Follows coding standards, builds appropriate unit tests, integration tests and deployment scripts
Assists in defining software architectures – Collaborates with leads to explore existing systems, determines areas of complexity, potential risks to successful implementation, learns the applications capabilities
Communicates continually with the client and project teams – Explains progress on the development effort
Owns success – Takes responsibility for successful delivery of the solutions
Translates designs and style guides provided by the UI/UX team into functional user interfaces, ensuring cross browser compatibility and performance
Contributes to continual improvement by suggesting improvements to user interface, software architecture or new technologies
REQUIRED SKILLS :
Highly skilled at front-end engineering using Object-Oriented JavaScript, various JavaScript libraries and micro frameworks (jQuery, Angular, Prototype, Dojo, Backbone, YUI), HTML and CSS
Well versed in software engineering principles, frameworks and technologies
Excellent communication skills
Self-directed team player who thrives in a continually changing environment
Strong customer service/client service skills
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